Organo Iodine

Organo iodine compounds are organic compounds containing a carbon-iodine (C-I) bond. Due to the poor electronegativity of iodine, among the carbon-halogen bonds, the C-I bond is the weakest. Samples of organo iodine compounds are often yellow due to the presence of elemental iodine as an impurity. In organic synthesis, organo iodine compounds are used as intermediates because of the easy formation and cleavage of the C–I bond. They are also useful reagents for very important organic transformations. For example, in the Simmons–Smith reaction an organo iodine compound (diiodomethane) is used as a reagent which serves as a source of the free radical methylene. As alkyl iodides, they are useful as alkylating agents and iodoarenes are important substrates for coupling reactions. Methyl iodide is an important intermediate for the industrial production of acetic acid and acetic anhydride. In the medicinal field, polyiodoorganic compounds are employed as X-ray contrast agents, and in medical imaging. Organo iodine compounds play a major biological role in the form of thyroid hormones, namely thyroxine and triiodothyronine.

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